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KMID : 1023420140140010007
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Journal of Dental Hygiene Science
2014 Volume.14 No. 1 p.7 ~ p.14
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The Impact of Amalgam Exposure an Urinary Mercury Concentration in Children
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Jeon Eun-Suk
Jin Hye-Jung
Kim Eun-Kyong
Im Sang-Uk
Song Keun-Bae
Choi Youn-Hee
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Abstract
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This study aims to evaluate the impact of varying exposure to dental amalgam on urinary mercury levels in children by measuring the number ofamalgam-filled teeth and the variance of mercury concentration in urine over a period of 2 years. A total of 317 (male 158, female 159) elementaryschool children (1st∼4th graders) attending 2 schools in urban regions participated in this study. At 6-month intervals, 4 oral examinations wereconducted to check any variance in the conditions of dental caries and the status of dental fillings. Also, urine tests were conducted followed bya questionnaire survey. To elucidate the factors potentially affecting the mercury concentration in urine, t-test, ANOVA, chi-square test and a mixedmodel were used for the analysis. Regarding the status of dental fillings in line with examination time periods, deciduous teeth had moreamalgam-filled surfaces than those filled with resin, whereas permanent teeth had more resin-filled surfaces than those filled with amalgam. Asignificant relevance was found between the exposure to dental amalgam and urinary mercury levels. Specifically, subjects whose teeth surfaceshad been filled with dental amalgam showed higher urinary mercury levels than those who had no dental amalgam fillings. Based on the analysisusing the mixed model, the increase in the number of teeth surfaces filled with amalgam was found to be the factor affecting the increase in urinarymercury levels. The urinary mercury levels were found to be highly associated with the exposure to dental amalgam. The more the teeth surfacesfilled with amalgam, the higher the urinary mercury levels. Hence, even a trace of dental amalgam fillings can liberate mercury, affecting the variancein the urinary mercury levels. These findings suggest that some criteria or measures should be developed to minimize the exposure to dentalamalgam. Moreover, relevant further studies are warranted.
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KEYWORD
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Child , Dental amalgam , Urinary mercury
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